1st Wellington battalion cap badge, 7th Wellington West Coast collars.

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The Volunteer period ranks are a trap for many.
The photo in question shows the sitter with 2 rank stars on his shoulder boards. 2 stars in the volunteer period was a captain. This corresponded with two wide stripes on the cuff etc.
So the question is why has he got captains rank on the shoulders but Lieutenants rank on the cuff?
Most plausible answer - he has just been promoted and as yet does not have his new uniform. Which, if it is Duthie, would put the photo in the 1896 period.
Barry